Question 1

What is lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

Lactose intolerance is the inability to fully digest lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products. It's caused by a deficiency of lactase, the enzyme that breaks down lactose in the small intestine. It affects approximately 65% of the global adult population.

Question 2

How is lactose intolerance different from a milk allergy?

Accepted Answer

Lactose intolerance is a digestive issue (missing enzyme) affecting the gut, causing bloating, gas, and diarrhea. A milk allergy is an immune response that can cause hives, swelling, or anaphylaxis. Milk allergies are more common in children; lactose intolerance is more common in adults.

Question 3

Can I still eat some dairy if I'm lactose intolerant?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Most lactose-intolerant people can tolerate up to 12g of lactose (about 1 cup of milk) when taken with food. Hard cheeses (cheddar, parmesan), butter, and yogurt contain much less lactose and are usually well-tolerated. Lactase enzyme supplements also allow dairy consumption.

Question 4

How is lactose intolerance diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

Diagnosis methods include: (1) Hydrogen breath test — gold standard, 85% accurate; (2) Lactose tolerance blood test; (3) Stool acidity test (for infants); (4) Elimination diet trial — remove dairy for 2–4 weeks then reintroduce. This quiz is a symptom-based screening, not a medical diagnosis.

Question 5

What are the best dairy alternatives?

Accepted Answer

Top dairy alternatives: oat milk (closest taste to cow's milk), almond milk (lowest calorie), soy milk (highest protein), coconut milk (creamy, good for cooking), cashew milk. For calcium, eat leafy greens (kale, bok choy), sardines, fortified foods, and almonds.

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